Valid immediate inferences:
Converse
- Given a type E statement, from the traditional square of opposition, “No S are P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “No P are S” which is the converse of the given statement.
- Given a type I statement, “Some S are P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “Some P are S” which is the converse of the given statement.
Click below link to cover this lesson through videos
| Basics and Rules of Syllogism | https://unacademy.com/lesson/basics-and-rules-of-syllogism-in-hindi/48MP8P68 |
| Immediate and Mediate Inferences | https://unacademy.com/lesson/immediate-and-mediate-inferences-in-hindi/O4A91E8V |
| Steps of Solve Syllogism with MCQs | https://unacademy.com/lesson/steps-of-solve-syllogism-with-mcqs-in-hindi/K7P15ZJ9 |
Obverse
- Given a type A statement, “All S are P.“, one can make the immediate inference that “No S are non-P” which is the obverse of the given statement.
- Given a type E statement, “No S are P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “All S are non-P” which is the obverse of the given statement.
- Given a type I statement, “Some S are P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “Some S are not non-P” which is the obverse of the given statement.
- Given a type O statement, “Some S are not P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “Some S are non-P” which is the obverse of the given statement.
Contra positive
- Given a type A statement, “All S are P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “All non-P are non-S” which is the contra positive of the given statement.
- Given a type O statement, “Some S are not P.”, one can make the immediate inference that “Some non–P are not non-S” which is the contrapositive of the given statement.