Syllogisms Invalid immediate inferences

Invalid immediate inferences

• Cases of the incorrect application of the contrary, subcontrary and subalternation relations are syllogistic fallacies called illicit contrary, illicit subcontrary, and illicit subalternation. Cases of incorrect application of the contradictory relation are so infrequent, that an “illicit contradictory” fallacy is usually not recognized.

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Immediate and Mediate Inferences	https://unacademy.com/lesson/immediate-and-mediate-inferences-in-hindi/O4A91E8V
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Illicit contrary

• It is false that all A are B, therefore no A are B.
• It is false that no A are B, therefore all A are B.

Illicit subcontrary

• Some A are B, therefore it is false that some A are not B.
• Some A are not B, therefore some A are B.

Illicit subalternation (Superalternation)

• Some A are not B, therefore no A are B.
• It is false that all A are B, therefore it is false that some A are B.

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