Quiz on NTA UGC NET Daily Quiz ( 02 June 2020)

Prairies are ecosystems considered part of the temperate grasslands,
savannas, and shrublands biome by ecologists, based on similar
temperate climates, moderate rainfall, and a composition of grasses,
herbs, and shrubs, rather than trees, as the dominant vegetation type.

Decomposer food chain Decomposers are organisms that break
down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry
out the natural process of decomposition
➔ Detrital food chain feed on decaying organic matter (dead
organisms)
➔ Predator food chain an animal that naturally preys on others.

Supersonic jets releases nitrogen
oxides and not mercury.
Others are sources of mercury
pollution –
Coal-fired power plants- Mercury
exists naturally in coal, making
coal-fired power plants the largest
source of mercury pollution in this
country. Coal accounts for nearly
50 percent of the electricity
generated in this country—and
almost 50 tons of mercury
emissions annually.

Once constituted, boundaries of the National Park can be altered only
on a resolution of the State Legislature. More information – A National
Park is an area established under section 35 (4) of the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972 and no right is allowed within the National Park.
Grazing is prohibited in these areas and the general public is legally
restrained from destroying, exploiting, or removing any wildlife from the
National Park, or destroying or damaging the habitat of any wild animal,
or depriving any wild animal of its habitat in the Park.
National Parks have a clearly defined core and buffer zones. Whereas,
the core zone is free from any local rights and acts as sanctum
sanctorum to allow wildlife to enjoy protected natural habitat, the buffer
zone absorbs most of the impact of human activities.

Non-point sources of pollution are
often termed ‘diffuse’ pollution and
refer to those inputs and impacts
which occur over a wide area and
are not easily attributed to a single
source.
Non-point source water pollution
affects a water body from sources
such as polluted runoff from
agricultural areas draining into a
river, or wind-borne debris blowing
out to sea.

Tropics tropical forests characteristic of a region or climate that
is frost-free with temperatures high enough to support
year-round plant growth given sufficient moisture tropical
Florida
Temperate or tepid climates of Earth occur in the middle
latitudes, which span between the tropics and the polar regions
of Earth. Average yearly temperatures in these regions are not
extreme, not burning hot nor freezing cold.

These were the 12 initial compounds that were listed under the
Stockholm convention.

IUCN Protected Area Categories System

Ia Strict Nature Reserve: Category Ia are strictly protected areas set aside to protect
biodiversity and also possibly geological/geomorphical features, where human visitation,
use and impacts are strictly controlled and limited to ensure protection of the
conservation values. Such protected areas can serve as indispensable reference areas
for scientific research and monitoring

Ib Wilderness Area: Category Ib protected areas are usually large unmodified or slightly
modified areas, retaining their natural character and influence without permanent or
significant human habitation, which are protected and managed so as to preserve their
natural condition

II National Park: Category II protected areas are large natural or near natural areas set
aside to protect large-scale ecological processes, along with the complement of species
and ecosystems characteristic of the area, which also provide a foundation for
environmentally and culturally compatible, spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational,
and visitor opportunities

III Natural Monument or Feature: Category III protected areas are set aside to protect a
specific natural monument, which can be a landform, sea mount, submarine cavern,
geological feature such as a cave or even a living feature such as an ancient grove.
They are generally quite small protected areas and often have high visitor value

IV Habitat/Species Management Area: Category IV protected areas aim to protect
particular species or habitats and management reflects this priority. Many Category IV
protected areas will need regular, active interventions to address the requirements of
particular species or to maintain habitats, but this is not a requirement of the category.

V Protected Landscape/ Seascape: A protected area where the interaction of people
and nature over time has produced an area of distinct character with significant,
ecological, biological, cultural and scenic value: and where safeguarding the integrity
of this interaction is vital to protecting and sustaining the area and its associated
nature conservation and other values

VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources: Category VI protected
areas conserve ecosystems and habitats together with associated cultural values and
traditional natural resource management systems. They are generally large, with most
of the area in a natural condition, where a proportion is under sustainable natural
resource management and where low-level non-industrial use of natural resources
compatible with nature conservation is seen as one of the main aims of the area

Soil acidification is a natural
process accelerated by agriculture.
Soil acidifies because the
concentration of hydrogen ions in
the soil increases. The main cause
of soil acidification is inefficient
use of nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy
rainfall may also lead to soil
acidification as the bases in soils
are washed away.
Shifting cultivation does not lead to
soil acidification, although it leads
to generating infertile soil.

The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the
maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain
indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and other necessities available
in the environment

Sea level changes – tectonic indicator ;

Lacustrine deposits – geological indicator.

Cryogenics is defined as the scientific study of materials and their behavior
at extremely low temperatures. The word comes from the Greek cryo, which
means “cold”, and genic, which means “producing”

Ice cores offer comprehensive records of past changes in polar climate and
water cycle, aerosol deposition, natural forcings (including solar and
volcanic activity), and global atmospheric composition.

समुद्र के स्तर में परिवर्तन – टेक्टोनिक संकेतक;

रेखागणित जमा – भूवैज्ञानिक सूचक।

क्रायोजेनिक्स को सामग्री के वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन और बेहद कम तापमान पर उनके व्यवहार के रूप
में परिभाषित किया गया है। यह शब्द ग्रीक क्रायो से आया है, जिसका अर्थ है “ठंडा”, और जीनिक,
जिसका अर्थ है “उत्पादन”

आइस कोर ध्रुवीय जलवायु और जल चक्र, एरोसोल बयान, प्राकृतिक forcings (सौर और
ज्वालामुखी गतिविधि सहित) और वैश्विक वायुमंडलीय संरचना में पिछले बदलावों के व्यापक
रिकॉर्ड प्रदान करते हैं।

8 major pollutants, namely,
particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5), nitrogen
dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, carbon
monoxide, ammonia and lead.

same physical and biological processes that operates today operated in
the past. Uniformitarianism is the assumption that the same natural laws
and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in
the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe

The soil conservation measures are mainly of two types:
(a) crop management, and
(b) providing mechanical protection.
Techniques like stubble mulching, in which the roots,
stems and leaves are left over in the agricultural fields
after harvesting, help to conserve soil.
Stubble Mulching is not a mechanical method, but a crop
management technique that helps in soil conservation